A Comprehensive Guide to the Terminology of Ancient Textiles
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Ancient textiles played a significant role in the development of human civilization. From the intricate designs of Egyptian linen to the delicate silks of China, these fabrics not only provided warmth and comfort but also reflected the culture and artistry of their respective societies. In this article, we will explore the various names and classifications of ancient textiles from around the world.
1、Fabrics made from natural fibers:
a) Cotton (全棉): Cotton is one of the most widely cultivated fibers worldwide, used to make clothing, bedding, and towels. In ancient times, cotton was highly valued for its softness and breathability, making it suitable for both daily wear and religious ceremonies.
b) Linen (亚麻布): Linen is a natural fiber obtained from the bark of the flax plant. It was highly prized in ancient times due to its strength, durability, and water resistance. Linen garments were often worn during religious ceremonies or as workwear, as they offered excellent protection from the elements.
c) Silk (丝绸): Silk is a luxurious fabric obtained from the cocoons of silkworms. It is renowned for its softness, luster, and sheen, as well as its ability to absorb moisture without feeling wet. Ancient Chinese silk was particularly famous for its fine quality and intricate embroidery, which were reserved for royalty and nobility.
d)Wool (羊毛): Wool is a renewable natural fiber obtained from sheep or other mammals. It was highly valued in ancient times due to its warmth, durability, and versatility. Wool garments could be tailored to fit any body type and could be combined with other materials such as silk or cotton to create a wide range of styles.
e)Silkworm silk (蚕丝): Silkworm silk is a synthetic material produced by boiling the silkworms together with a mineral solution. It has many of the same properties as natural silk but is cheaper and more readily available than true silk. In ancient times, silkworm silk was used to make clothing, bedding, and other household items.
2、Fabrics made from animal fibers:
a) Cashmere (羊绒): Cashmere is a soft, luxurious fabric derived from the wool of cashmere goats found in the Himalayas and Tibet. It is highly sought after for its warmth, softness, and durability, as well as its ability to keep its shape even after washing. Cashmere garments were traditionally worn by aristocrats and royal families in colder regions.
b) Fur (貂皮、熊皮等): Fur was an important resource in ancient times, as it provided insulation and protection from the cold. Fur garments were often reserved for the wealthy and powerful, who could afford to pay top prices for the best quality furs. Today, some people still wear fur clothing as a status symbol or fashion statement.
c) Angora (安哥拉兔毛): Angora is a soft and fluffy fabric derived from the hair of Angora rabbits. It is often used to make sweaters, scarves, and other warm clothing due to its lightweight and breathable nature. Angora fiber is obtained by brushing the rabbit's hair until it forms long strands that can be spun into yarn.
3、Fabrics made from plant-based materials:
a) Hemp (大麻布): Hemp is a flexible and durable fabric derived from the hemp plant. It was historically used for rope and canvases due to its strong fibers and water resistance. However, in recent years, hemp has gained popularity among eco-conscious consumers for its biodegradability and sustainability compared to traditional synthetic fibers like plastic.
b) Jute (黄麻布): Jute is a coarse, sturdy fabric derived from the stems of jute plants. It was once commonly used for packaging and storage containers due to its strong fibers and water resistance. Today, jute is mostly used for crafting home decor items such as baskets, mats, and wall hangings.
c) Ramie (苎麻布): Ramie is a soft and durable fabric derived from the stem of the ramie plant. It is similar in texture to cotton but stronger and more resistant to wrinkles. Ramie has been traditionally used in China for over 5000 years for its high quality and versatile applications in clothing, bedding, and other textile products.
In conclusion, understanding the terminology of ancient textiles can help us appreciate the rich cultural heritage behind these fabrics. Each material has its unique characteristics and uses in different parts of the world, reflecting the diverse needs and values of different societies throughout history. By learning about these fabrics, we can better connect with our past and gain a deeper appreciation for the beauty and complexity of human craftsmanship throughout time.
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