Title: Standard for thermometry testing of textile products
Abstract
Thermometry is a widely used method to assess the heat transfer performance of building materials, including textile products. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the standardization process for thermometry testing of textiles, focusing on the most relevant international and national standards. The paper also discusses the importance of accurate and reliable temperature measurement in textiles research and development, as well as in the selection of appropriate building insulation materials.
Introduction
Textile products, such as clothing, bedding, and upholstery, are essential components of modern housing and infrastructure. The thermal performance of these products plays a critical role in ensuring energy efficiency, comfort, and health. One way to assess the thermal performance of textiles is through thermometry, which measures the rate and amount of heat transfer between two surfaces in contact with a fluid-filled cavity. In this paper, we will explore the standardization process for thermometry testing of textiles and discuss the importance of accurate and reliable temperature measurement in textiles research and development.
International Standards
Several international standards have been developed to govern thermometry testing of textiles. The most commonly used standards include:
1、ISO 8402:2017 - "Standard test methods for determining heat transfer coefficients of air-permeable building elements using a hot-box system"
This standard provides a methodology for measuring the heat transfer coefficient of air-permeable building elements, including textile products. The standard involves the use of a hot-box system to simulate a climate condition and measure the amount of heat transfer between the element and the surrounding environment.
2、ISO 9077-1:2018 - "Standard test method for determining heat transfer coefficients of building elements using a cold-box system"
This standard specifies a methodology for measuring the heat transfer coefficient of building elements, including textile products, using a cold-box system. The cold-box system consists of two chambers filled with different temperatures of liquid, and the temperature difference between the chambers is measured to calculate the heat transfer coefficient.
3、ISO 10293-1:2013 - "Standard test method for determining heat transfer coefficients of building elements using a hot-box system with variable parameters"
This standard extends the methodology described in ISO 8402:2017 to account for variations in environmental conditions, such as wind speed and humidity. The standard allows for the simulation of complex climate conditions and provides more precise measurements of heat transfer coefficients.
4、ISO 14001:2015 - "International standard for environmental management systems"
This standard provides a framework for implementing an effective environmental management system (EMS) in organizations. The EMS can be used to ensure that thermometry testing of textiles is performed in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner, by minimizing waste and reducing energy consumption during the testing process.
National Standards
In addition to international standards, many countries have developed their own national standards for thermometry testing of textiles. Some examples include:
1、United States National Standards Institute (ANSI/NSF) - "Standard Test Method for Determining Heat Transfer Coefficients of Building Elements Using Hot and Cold Boxes" (ASTM E84-16)
This standard specifies a methodology for measuring the heat transfer coefficient of building elements using hot and cold boxes, which can be modified to accommodate various types of textile products. The standard includes instructions for setting up and operating the hot and cold boxes, as well as guidelines for analyzing the results.
2、European Union - "Standard Test Method for Determination of Heat Transfer Coefficients from Air to Solid Materials Using Hot Boxes" (CEN/TC/43/E9)
This standard specifies a methodology for测量从空气到固体材料的热传递系数，使用热箱系统，该标准包括如何设置和操作热箱系统以及如何分析结果的说明。
3、Australian Standards Association (ASA) - "Standard Test Methods for Thermal Performance of Building Materials" (AS/NZS 3959.1:2010)
This standard provides a set of test methods for assessing the thermal performance of building materials, including textile products. The methods cover a wide range of thermal properties, such as insulation value, thermal transmittance, and phase change rate. The standard also includes guidance on selecting appropriate test methods based on the type and composition of the textile product being tested.
Conclusion
Thermometry testing of textiles is an essential step in evaluating their thermal performance and ensuring compliance with energy efficiency regulations. International and national standards provide a standardized approach to measuring heat transfer coefficients and ensuring accuracy and reliability in the results. In addition to meeting regulatory requirements, accurate and reliable temperature measurement is crucial for ensuring consumer comfort and health, as well as promoting sustainable development in the textile industry. By adopting rigorous testing methodologies and adhering to industry standards, researchers and practitioners can contribute to advances in building insulation technologies that improve our living environments and reduce our carbon footprint.
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